Rabu, 19 Oktober 2011

Heredity

19.33 | Diposting oleh Unknown

Main article: Cancer syndrome
The vast majority of cancers are non-hereditary, which are called sporadic cancers. Hereditary cancers are cancers that are primarily caused by an inherited genetic defect. Less than 0.3% of the population are carriers of a genetic mutation which has a large effect on cancer risk.[26] They cause less than 3–10% of all cancer.[26] Some of these syndromes include:
initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Brain tumor">brain tumors) due to mutations of p53
  • Turcot syndrome (brain tumors and colonic polyposis)
  • Familial adenomatous polyposis an inherited mutation of the APC gene that leads to early onset of colon carcinoma.
  • Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC, also known as Lynch syndrome) can include familial cases of colon cancer, uterine cancer, gastric cancer, and ovarian cancer, without a preponderance ofcolon polyps.
  • Retinoblastoma, when occurring in young children, is due to a hereditary mutation in the retinoblastoma gene.
  • Down syndrome patients, who have an extra chromosome 21, are known to develop malignancies such as leukemia and testicular cancer, though the reasons for this difference are not well understood.
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